My Stomach Overrides All Priorities

My Stomach Overrides All Priorities If theres one thing I am utterly terrible at, it is prioritizing. My top priorities of the moment keep getting supplanted as more and more pressing Ideas Of The Now pop into my head. Today, the pecking order ascended from the somewhat ambitious Find a UROP to turn into a thesis! to Keep learning Haskell! As I paged through windows at an excruciatingly slow pace in my browser to do just that, I was seized by the sudden necessity to Write a browser quicksearch tool to make online utilities more efficient to use! which rapidly degraded into But I need to set up a server somewhere first for it to run on! But since I didnt want to run a server off my laptop, and MITs virtual machine service is down for maintenance, I regressed to Organize rush logistics that probably should have been sorted out last week! I actually managed to complete this. Which leaves me with at least four pressing tasks, and the burning question of what to do for a thesis. This is the reason, if you were unlucky enough to see my room last year, that my walls were papered entirely in post-it notes. Moving away for the summer gave me a chance to start anew, with wide-eyed dreams of exclusively electronic planning, but I already have one big one pinned right in front of my workstation just in case  I forget trivialities or forget to check Google Tasks, as I am wont to do: Feed Kristinas cat until Thursday, and dont forget she lives in Jordans room. In a heroic effort to atone, I spent a whole morning powering through little tasks (DONT FORGET TO EAT BREAKFAST, archive old emails, organize closet) and making an authoritative list of pre-Reg-Day priorities, which I promptly tacked above my monitor so that I probably couldnt miss it. Then, because Facebook fed me three solid meals a day five days a week for twelve weeks and I didnt get to touch a kitchen this summer, I ran headlong into the warm, humid embrace of the Fifth West kitchen. I simmered a giant beef stew with potatoes and onions and grains and then shredded cilantro and cheddar on top and the cheese melted all over the starchiness of the potatoes and it was wonderful. I husked and roasted ears of corn with tons of pepper and chili. I made dough for two giant loaves of peasant bread and set it aside to rise for tomorrow. I smashed an avocado into guacamole with a lime and a pinch of salt and ate it all. I baked tiny, terrible pies filled with nutella and bananas and strawberries with my neighbor Ale. I brewed deliciously, punchily strong espresso syrup, rendering Kahlua obsolete in my pantry, and drank it cold on the rocks like a gentleman despite lacking milk or cream to test it on. And then, because I am a terrible blogger who has been accustomed to carrying an iPhone for the last twelve weeks and is now extremely full, I forgot to take a single picture of my mouthwatering reunion with food. Tomorrow morning, Ill tackle numero uno on my conspicuously block-lettered list of priorities, for reals: Find a UROP to turn into a thesis. Until then, home sweet MIT.

The Cost of Globalization Two Accounts of India - Literature Essay Samples

In both Aravind Adigas The White Tiger and Katherine Boos Behind the Beautiful Forevers, a rapidly changing India threatens and deprives those adhering to a traditional way of life, such as Balram’s family in Laxmangarh, and the community of slum-dwellers in Annawadi. Therefore, the two of these groups must change in order to compete in this new world. Both Asha and Balram are negatively affected by the globalization of India; however, they plan to escape the restraints of globalized India by sacrificing their morals and justifying their actions with the belief that economic success is more important. Balram justifies his actions by calling them â€Å"acts of entrepreneurship† (9). The reality of globalization is either the surrendering of one’s morals to attain economic success, or being left stranded in the impoverished part of India that the other half has left behind. Aravind Adiga and Katherine Boo vividly conjure the tension between the old and newly globalized India, indicating that succeeding in the modern world (as Balram does) requires a combination of ethical and personal compromises. The Americanization of India allows Balram to momentarily alter his caste. Balram also recognizes the nature of globalization and how to take advantage of it by saying; I‘m always a man who sees ‘tomorrow’ when others see ‘today.’ † (274). He makes the conscious choice sacrifice parts of himself and completely alter his identity in order to become successful. He states: â€Å"The tale of how I was corrupted from a sweet, innocent village fool into a citified fellow full of debauchery, depravity, and wickedness† (189). When he lived in the village, there is no doubt he was financially struggling, however he describes himself as sweet and innocent. By the time he is rich, he has become â€Å"full of debauchery† and even describes himself as wicked. Through the process of escaping the restraints of globalization, he had to surrender parts of himself in order to attain what he considered to be success. Balrams recognition of the increasing competition resulting from globalization contributes to his actions that result in his corruption and loss of identity. The effects of globalization in India do not stop at poverty and hunger. While the rest of the country is advancing quickly, those in economically unfortunate situations such as Balram and Asha are forced to sacrifice their identities, families, and morals. In the shadow of the other part of India which is reaping the benefits of globalization, the slum-dwellers of Annawadi struggle to survive. Capitalist globalization has resulted in hunger, unspeakable poverty and disease, racial and gender inequality, and an explosion of slums. Nevertheless, Asha has planned to become a slumlord and then then ride the citys inexorable corruption into the middle class. (xvii) In a community of struggling families, there will always be those who are willing to abandon their morals and identities to achieve economic stability. Asha is selfishly driven by her poverty and greed. Similar to Balram, Asha has managed to overcome guilt because she cannot afford to feel it if she wants to be successful. â⠂¬Å"Guilt of the sort that had overcome Robert was an impediment to effective work in the city’s back channels, and Asha considered it a luxury emotion.† Gaining financial and political power in order to overcome the poverty globalization has caused take an emotional toll on Asha and Balram. Asha has to suppress her true feelings of guilt for what she does because she sees the emotion as an obstacle in the way of success. Surrounded by luxurious hotels and a large airport, Asha is in constant reminder that she is facing all the detriments of globalization, while other parts of India are prospering. She takes advantage of the corrupt politics influencing India.The influence of Western society and foreign powers are the cultural invaders and have forced the natives of Mumbai and Bangalore into positions of inferiority and created a corrupt society. For the wealthy, the effects of globalization pose no problem, but as Boo demonstrates, the same cannot be said for the poor. New rules, customs, and designations of worth have shifted due to the influence of foreigners. Globalization does not end at economies but extends even further and permeates into the cultures of nations. Globalization has won in destruction of native culture, distribution of colonial power, mechanization and westernization. It has destroyed privacy in all fields and has helped to promote consumerist culture. It spread the concept that westernization is a part of civilization. Everything is superior if it is western liquor, girls, language, dressing. Globalization replaces the native culture by consumerist culture. Consumerist culture aims in the destruction of native culture and identity. As globalization strikes India, citizens like Balram adopt a new perception of society a perception that values Western culture over their own. â€Å"I should explain to you, Mr Jiabao, that in this country we have two kinds of men: Indian liquor men and English liquor men. Indian liquor was for village boys like me toddy, arrack, country hooch. English liquor, naturally is for rich. Rum, whisky, beer, gin anything the English left behind†(73). Balram describes the English liquor as being â€Å"naturally† for the rich, as if it is something so commonly ingrained into society that one can predict that the upper class primarily consumes English over Indian because of their financial status. India has been divided into the rich and the poor. Due to Americanization and Globalization the cultures between the two parties are vastly dissimilar. â€Å" ‘Please understand Your Excellency, that India is two countries in one: and India of light and and India of darkness’ † (12). Because of this segregation, if the poor want to find the â€Å"India of light† they have to sacrifice a lot. The difference between the two Indias is mainly the advancement and globalization of the light India, compared to the traditional culture and poverty in the dark India. The issue with globalization for the characters Balram and Asha is that they are being taunted with a rapidly advancing society just out of their reaches. The faster the new India modernizes, the more different it becomes from the societies Balram and Asha are from. The towns left behind in poverty and hunger fall to corruption. Those willing to, like Asha and Balram, recognize and take advantage of their corrupted governments: â€Å"Now that she had the Corporator’s ear, she could fix more such problems on commission. And when she had real control over the slum, she could create problems in order to fix them – a profitable sequence she’d learned by studying the Corporator† (20). Asha recognizes that success is attainable by â€Å"studying† others. The becomes ultimately corrupt when she plans to create problems just so she can fix them. She makes herself indisposable by sacrificing and suppressing parts of her identity. Those left behind from a globalizing India will only fall further and further back from the modernized society India is becoming unless they take full advantage of the corrupting the globalization has instigated in the slums. Getting out of the poverty of India comes at the high prices of internal oppression and the abandonment of tradition and culture.With out the knowledge of the advancements of globalization, it’s likely these character’s lives would never change the way they did. The sacrificing of their ethics comes down to the pursuit of their goals. Without the globalization of India, Balram and Asha would not have these ideas of success in their minds that influenced their actions and internal betrayals. From observing a new India where money is more important than culture, these characters are adoptive of the modernized India’s societal expectations. The reality of globalization is exposed when it is shown that values and culture are not interchangeable with the new customs that a globalized society offers.

Essay on Morality

Essay on Morality Being a part of a society every human is trying to follow some moral principles that define what is good and what is bad, what is right and what is wrong. All of these determine our actions made in various life circumstances and shows our moral values as well. This essay will aim to discuss the concept of morality and describe the main issues related to this philosophical question that may be never answered. What is morality? Lots of definitions can be applied to the concept of morality. In short, morality is regarded as an attempt to define who we are from the position of some right and wrong actions we do and thoughts that we think. Throughout thousands of years philosophers have been trying to solve the issue about defining the concept of morality. â€Å"Many man many mind† approach is what can be applied to the problem. Nevertheless, it is possible to try to think over the question and reveal the common sings of morality that can be meaningful for us in a modern society. What is meant by a moral person? Can it be properly interpreted? The concepts with multiform meanings such as morality can be illustrated in the real world on practice and thus possibly defined in some way. Lets assume, you are going back home at midnight and find a purse on the sidewalk with lots of money and some bank cards with a name on it. You can find the person and return the stuff, will you do it? Or will you choose to keep it for yourself and use somebody elses money for your own purposes? Your action in this specific situation defines your morality. Your decision can show whether you act right or wrong. Still, another question arise – is it right to give the purse back to its owner if you are in need yourself? Maybe this is a sign and life supports you when you need it? No one knows the right answer, because it does not actually exist. Each of us defines from our own point of view what is right and what is wrong, and it may has nothing to do with the concept of morality as it is defined by a modern world and other individuals. Are people in a modern society loosing their moral values? Modern society is more likely to lose moral values with the time flow. It happens because of materialism that affects peoples mind and prevails moral values. Technical progress contributes to this as well. People keep on earning money and buying products they need, so they tend to try to buy everything they want. This fact devalues moral characteristics in some way and make people do morally wrong things even subconsciously just because of the materialistic way of thinking. Additionally, public manners influence others actions. Looking at someone doing something in a public place may affect others. Lets take an example with a public smoking. First of all, it is actually forbidden and should be so. Secondly, it has nothing to do with a moral manner when a man is walking with a cigarette in his hands while there are many people around, including children. The bad influence of the Internet on moral values of people is not the exception too. Today it is available all over the world, people have an access to the Internet and spend a lot of time there reading social media, comments to the blogs, political reports, etc. One can easily find a lot of bad things posted there, which harms and abuses other people. Adults may not take care of it, but children should be protected from this in the first place as they see bad words, consider them to be normal and copy the manner of communication. In conclusion People in a modern society tend to loose their moral values, which is influenced by materialism, public thinking and manners, and the Internet as well.

Fences Father Son Relationships - 1325 Words

The Apple Doesn’t Fall Far From the Tree Have you ever heard the term, â€Å"the apple doesn’t fall far from the tree† or the term, â€Å"like Father, like Son?† According to the Cambridge English Dictionary, these are terms used to suggest â€Å"a child usually has a similar character or similar qualities to his or her parents.†(dictionary.cambridge.org) This is particularly evident in August Wilson’s drama, Fences. During Fences, Wilson introduces three perplexing father-son relationships. In each, the son tries to eliminate the preconceived notion that he will inevitably be like his father while simultaneously trying to escape the constraints his father has placed upon him. Ultimately leading the son to unconsciously emulate and follow in the†¦show more content†¦This would prove to be a pivotal and defining moment in Troy’s life. It was at this moment that Troy knew he had to leave his father’s house and was forced to be a man. Despite leaving home at a young age to escape his father, Troy’s father had an everlasting effect on Troy and ultimately influenced the way Troy parents his own children. In the following paragraphs, I will demonstrate how intergenerational transmission of parenting impacted Troy, Troy’s children and will quite possibility impact the future generations of the Maxon family. At the young age of 14, Troy’s father caught him fooling around with a girl down by the river. Troy’s father physically attacked him and then proceeded to rape the young girl. (Wilson 1265) Troy was forced to witness this horrific event. His father was completely insensitive to Troy’s feelings and the feelings of the young girl, showing no remorse for his actions. Instead he showed Troy that masculinity creates superiority over women. Unfortunately, Troy developed the same lack of sensitivity and an overcompensating sense of masculinity. This may have also been what led Troy to his own philandering behaviors of cheating on his wife Rose with Alberta. Both men felt like they were entitled to their behaviors.Show MoreRelatedFather-Child Relationships in Hamlet and Fences1223 Words   |  5 PagesFather-Child Relationships in Hamlet and Fences In both William Shakespeares Hamlet and August Wilsons Fences, the emphasis placed on parent-child relationship is vital, as family plays an important role in developing a characters values as well as his or her upbringing does. While Ophelia, Laertes, and Hamlet show loyalty to their fathers unconditionally, Cory, even though looks up Troy as a figure, eventually exhibits disrespect to him. The relationship that Ophelia shares with her fatherRead MoreCharacter Analysis of Cory in The Play Fences by August Wilson1109 Words   |  5 Pagesdeath of a salesman father-sonfffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffd Troy Maxson’s father-son relationship is anything but desirable. The harder Cory works to better himself, theRead MoreFences Research1694 Words   |  7 PagesImpact of Physical and Psychological Boundaries in August Wilson’s Fences The early 1950’s was a time of enormous importance because of the Civil Rights Movement which emphasized equal rights for blacks and whites. According to the book Approaching Literature, this time period became very familiar to August Wilson, the author of the play Fences. Wilson, an African American man, was raised by his mother and his ex-convict father. For a short period of time, before moving back to his old neighborhoodRead MoreFences, By Fences By Homer879 Words   |  4 PagesFences In Fences, Wilson tells us that there is always a kind of protection between fathers and sons, but at the same time, it is also a kind of restriction. Fathers always do not know how to express their love or even not sure about their love, causing their sons to be perplexed and hesitate whether their father really loves them. the doomed love between fathers and sons is then appeared. The relationship of the main character of fences, Troy, and his son, Cory, is a typical example of thisRead More Comparing Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller and Fences by August Wilson1267 Words   |  6 PagesArthur Miller and Fences by August Wilson Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller and Fences by August Wilson have similar themes of conflicts between fathers and sons, conflicts between husbands and wives, and the need to focus on a small unit of space in order to achieve success. In the process of developing these themes throughout the two plays, three similar symbolic elements are used including the insecure father figure, the other woman, and the garden. The fathers in the two playsRead MoreFences Is A Play Written By August Wilson In 1983.The Play1181 Words   |  5 Pages Fences is a play written by August Wilson in 1983. The play investigates the evolving African- American experience and looks at race-relations, among many other themes. The main character of the play is Troy Maxson, a 52-year-old who struggled to satisfy his family need. Troy has had his dreams taken from him. He wanted more than anything to be a pro baseball player, but his career was stopped because of racial discrimination, which, lead to a misconception between Troy and his son. In thisRead More Conflict in August Wilsons Fences and How it Affects the Work1376 Words   |  6 Pages Fences, by August Wilson, is a drama that focuses on the characteristics of black life in the mid to late twentieth century and the strains of society on African Americans. Set in a small neighborhood of a big city, this play holds much conflict between a father, Troy Maxson, and his two sons, Lyons and Cory. By analyzing the sources of this conflict, one can better appreciate and understand the way the conflict contributes to the meaning of the work. The first conflict in this playRead MoreFences, By August Wilson895 Words   |  4 PagesFences written by August Wilson is an award winning drama that depicts an African-America family who lives in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania during the 1950’s. During this time, the Mason’s reveal the struggles working as a garbage man, providing for his family and excepting life as is. The end of segregation began, more opportunities for African American people were accessible. Troy, who’s the father the Cory and husband of Rose has shoes fill as a working African America man. He is the family breadwinnerRead MoreFather and Son in Death of a Salesman, and Fences Essay966 Words   |  4 PagesThe role of a father could be a difficult task when raising a son. The ideal relationship between father and son perhaps may be; the father sets the rules and the son obeys them respectfully. However it is quite difficult to balance a healthy relationship between father and son, because of w hat a father expects from his son. For instance in the narratives, â€Å"Death of a Salesman,† and â€Å"Fences† both Willy and Troy are fathers who have a difficult time in earning respect from their sons, and being a roleRead MoreAnalysis Of Fences By August Wilson1251 Words   |  6 PagesFences by August Wilson is a play about African American life during the 1950’s era, it reflects a transitional time where African Americans begin to stand up and fight against racism. The father son relationship is a centering conflict within the play Fences. Throughout the play we are immersed into this complex connection of Troy and his two sons, Cory and Lyon. Troy struggles to create an identity separate from what is forced on him through an oppressive society. His battle with identity streams

As Faith Community Nurses ( Fcns ), We Advocate For The...

As Faith Community Nurses (FCNs), we advocate for the disable person. Knowing key resources for the members of our community will contribute to the success of our service. Thus, Internet is a tool used by the FCN to search and find organizations, get information on who they advocate for, know their mission and vision, contact individuals on the organization, and discuss concerns regarding individualized cases. Two advocacy websites called my attention when reviewing them in depth: The Center for Independent Living of South Florida, Inc. (CILSF) and the Victim Response, Inc. The CILSF is a private, non-profit organization and the majority of the staff and Board of Directors are people experiencing disabilities too. This organization was formed in 1993 due to the amazing amount of individuals with disabilities after hurricane Andrew. It is located at 4770 Biscayne Blvd., Miami, FL 33137; its phone number is (305) 751-8025; and its website is http://www.cilsf.org/. There are other offices in North Miami Beach and in Coral Gables. Five core areas shape the foundation of their services: Individual and systems advocacy, peer support, independent living skills training, and information and referral. The CILSF’s mission is â€Å"Empowering people with disability to reach their highest level of achievement. Advocating for systems change that results in access choice, equality, inclusion, integration, and independence (The Center for Independent, 2016).† The consumers, their families, and

Learning Styles- Theory of Multiple Intelligences Essay

At some point in each individual persons life they attend some type of school, class or learning facility. Whether it is at school, home or any other place that one would be taught a subject or lesson. While attending a class or lecture each person that is their to learn will grasp the concept of the lesson in a different way and gain a different amount of knowledge and understanding on the topic no matter what. This reason being is every one has a different way of learning. Just as each individual is different in their own way they also have a different way of gaining information from a source. The way people are able to grasp information that is being given to them is called a learning style. Below you will identify the different†¦show more content†¦This is the style most associate with in school since teachers usually verbally teach and use reading techniques for their students. A physical learner is able to act out information or perform it in a physical manner i s able to retain the information better than sitting in a lecture and listening to the information being delivered. Logical styles of learning are common with those who like mathematics. Being able to have reason behind what is being taught helps them to identify with the subject and gain a better understanding. The last two styles are social and solitary, which can relate to a persons social life. Some are better at learning with study groups and group projects while others prefer a private learning environment. (advanogy.com 2004). If a person has a strength or preference in one learning style, it does not mean they are unable to learn in other styles. It simply means that they will retain information more efficiently if it is delivered in their preferred style. Most information is delivered verbally, but visual learners are still able to obtain the information just not as easily or quickly as a verbal learner. When one has a weakness in a certain area of learning it coul d come at a disadvantage to them when in the classroom. In seeing that some people had weaknesses in areas that they were being tested on, Howard Gardner began research and introduced the multiple intelligenceShow MoreRelatedMultiple Intelligence Theory and Learning Styles946 Words   |  4 PagesMultiple intelligence theory and learning styles According to my multiple intelligence learning profile, I am an equally strong kinesthetic, intrapersonal, and existential learner. This suggests I learn by doing, learn best working with others, and have a big picture orientation. I seek what works in practice rather than theory. In my view, the fact that I received the same score in all three areas is indicative of the similarity between these different types of intelligences. For example, existentialRead MoreLearning Styles: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences782 Words   |  4 Pagesare many intelligences described to us through our lives, all over the world. Does in-telligence decide what we do with our lives, or is one intelligence more important than any other? When we look at Merriam-Webster (2013) for the definition of intelligence it states that it is the ability to learn different or new actions dependent on circumstances involved. So, who decides what intelligence is, and do we know if emotional intelligence, personal i ntelligence or any other intelligence plays a partRead MoreMultiple Intelligences and Learning Styles996 Words   |  4 Pages Multiple Intelligences and Learning Styles Multiple Intelligences and Learning Styles In today’s society not everyone has heard of the theory of multiple intelligences however most people have heard of learning styles. Even in the education field, educators may not be able to correctly define both. Are multiple intelligences and learning styles two different names of the same thing? This paper will discuss their differences and similarities. According to Dunn, Denig, and LovelaceRead MoreMultiple Intelligences Are a Guide to Understanding How People Learn868 Words   |  4 PagesMultiple Intelligences Multiple intelligences are a guide to understanding how people learn. Everybody has a mind of his or own, so of course people learn differently. However, one learns his or her styles at a young age. For instance, â€Å"the theory of multiple intelligences says that individuals are born with the innate capacity to succeed in a particular domain, and education should help to identify and develop students innate capacities† (The Difference Between Multiple Intelligences and LearningRead MoreLearning With Style Essay912 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Frames of Mind† this book introduced the theory of multiple intelligences (Armstrong). The theory of multiple intelligences challenged the conventional idea that intelligence could be measured and scored by a simple test giving us an â€Å"IQ† number. (Armstrong) The theory of multiple intelligences propounds that intelligence can be found in many forms and that different learning methods are required for different intell igences. Gardner identified 8 â€Å"intelligences†: linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatialRead MoreMy Learning Style: An Overview of Using Multiple Intelligences1352 Words   |  5 PagesLEARNING STYLE 4 My learning style: An overview of using multiple intelligences and a discussion of my own learning style The idea that everyone learns differently has become a kind of truism amongst the educational community. This concept seems to intuitively jive with what most teachers and students experience on an intuitive level when interacting in the classroom. Some students are kinesthetic learners. They fidget in their seats and have trouble listening to a lecture, but they come toRead MoreMultiple Intelligence And Learning Styles981 Words   |  4 PagesMultiple Intelligence and Learning Styles In a classroom, all students are unique in various different ways. They may be different through gender, race, socio-economic status, and so forth. They may also be different in how they learn information and how they think about information. Multiple Intelligence Theory was first introduced by Howard Gardner. Gardner believed that there are eight types of intelligence that people possess. Some people may be stronger in certain types of intelligence and weakerRead More Choosing the Right Application of Multiple Intelligence Theory1700 Words   |  7 Pagesthese extreme methods have too specific of an approach. A combination of learning styles, or multiple intelligences, is required to teach successfully. The introduction of the multiple intelligence theory has positively benefitted teaching by encouraging educators to stimulate each student’s learning strength everyday; regardless of the traditional teaching methods more commonly used. The multiple intelligence theory was created by Howard Gardner, and has been summarized nicely by McCain andRead MoreLearning Styles And Multiple Intelligences Essay919 Words   |  4 PagesThe effect of applying multiple intelligences and learning styles are theories that have been discussed heatedly in educational circles. Firstly, I’m going to introduce two of the learning styles. Kolb’s learning style model has settled on four styles: Accommodators: risk-takers who like to involve and try new things; Convergers: problem-solvers who enjoy organizing and hands-on application; Assimilators: passionate readers who learn well with reading and concepts patiently; Divergers: reflectiveRead MoreMultiple Intelligence Theory Of Learning1409 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract The multiple intelligence theory of learning states that there are several different areas of intelligence; kinesthetic, intrapersonal, and interpersonal are just three of the seven. Throughout time this theory has been in debate for challenging the classic school systems own theory on how all students learn one way and one way only. â€Æ' Introduction There is not one single person in the world who is exactly alike; you may think so but no. Each person out of the seven billion people in the

China Town Free Essays

string(56) " simplified lines and geometrical patterns to decorate\." 1. 0 Introduction During the 19th century, Malaya had been colonised by the British and many Chinese and Indian had migrates to Malaya. As a city, Kuala Lumpur had become the most crowded and fast development place. We will write a custom essay sample on China Town or any similar topic only for you Order Now Many colonial and migrations stay at Kuala Lumpur. Through colonisation and migration, both knowledge and methods of house construction had been adapted to the Malaya architecture during that time. Therefore there are many heritage buildings especially the Chinese shop houses had been influence by the foreign design. In this essay, I had make a field trip to Petaling Street to collect photographs of shophouses. Through the characteristic of the design of the shophouses I need to identify the Malaysia and foreign design influences of the traditional shop houses in Petaling Street. Description and contrast had been made of the influences of the shop houses by comparing the buildings which the structures had been influence by. 2. 0 Background 2. 1 British Colonisation In Malaysia During 19-20 Century Figure 1: Tin mine Tim mining, a popular activity amongst there and they increases many Chinese workers to migrates to Malaya (figure 1). Chinese migrates brought their tradition dwelling design where the two storey Chinese shop houses becomes common. â€Å"During British colonise Malaya, many public and private building had been built by the British which contain the mixture of architecture styles such as Renaissance, Palladia, Neoclassical and revived Gothic because Kuala Lumpur has become the Federal Capital and Headquarters of the Resident General. † (Mohammad Iza,(2010),p. 45. ) 2. 2 Shophouses Before 1880’s Chinese shophouses was a very simple construction of one storey houses which only use wooden parts supporting on attap roof which is open to the street. While the rear section of the shophouses was usually built on piles over a river to facilitate the delivery of goods. Most of the construction is use the locally available materials combine with Chinese architecture influence. Therefore curved gable are glazed ornamental tiles are some of the Chinese shop houses characteristic. Moreover the stucco decorations is the intention of which was to emphasis the character and background of the owner. The early shophouses are build in rows with uniforms facades and a continuous, covered five-foot way in front (figure 2). There are also jack roof on the shop houses which rise above the main roof to allowed accumulated hot air in the house to escape (figure 3). Besides that, there is also low rickety, shuttered window on the front of the first floor. Figure 2: Five-foot way Figure 3: Jack roof â€Å"Before World War II, the commercial centre of every Malaysian town was featured by one or more streets lined with usually two storeys high shophouses, where trading were occurred at the lower floor and the upper floors as residential accommodation area. † (Anon,(2008),p. 44. However, the position of the shop and residential space might be different depending on the number of floors of a shophouse. For an example, a single story shophouse tends to include residential area behind the shop; while for the shophouses of two or more storeys have residential space typically located above the shop. Early masonry shophouses were often built around 6-7 metres wide and 30 metres deep occasionally extended to 60 metres according to its location. They were often built in rows with uniform facades and a covered five-foot way in front of the shophouse. The five-foot way was first imposed by Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, a British colonial administration that founded the city of Singapore in 1822. †(online,www. wikipedia. com). It is an old practice specifying that all shophouses should include a minimum five-foot-wide veranda on the ground floor. This building tradition addressed the extremes of the tropical sun and rain, and created pedestrian linkages at ground level. These shaded areas were conducive to the shopkeepers by providing an extra space area to displaying their products (figure 4) . Apart from that, the typical Chinese shophouse was built in rows with a common wall between each unit. The walls that separate the shophouses are generally constructed by local manufactured baked clay. They are structural, load bearing walls to transfer the weight of the roof and upper floors down to the ground. Besides, the front of the shophouse on the ground floor has no walls, enabling goods to be displayed along the full width (figure 5) . Since the shophouse has no front walls, the front will be boarded up with fitted timber panels and secured with horizontal bars to lock up the shop. In addition, to ventilate the shophouse, a central courtyard can be found inside, which was later reduced to an airwell when space became more precious (figure 6). It was built to cool the building before the air-conditioning was invented. Courtyards were typically for residence all over China especially in the less densely populated areas of the north where they were located at the central of the layout, which often surrounded by high walls. Besides, a lane was also allocated at the back of the shophouse as a sanitary lane. It is a space found in between two rows of shophouses that faced back to back. This lane allows bullock carts to collect night soil as well as for safety purpose, for example, allow access for a fire truck when required. Figure 4: Displaying their products at the five-foot way Figure 5: Ground floor of the shophouses has no front walls Figure 6: Airwell found in one of the shophouse 2. 3 Foreign architecture and design influence There are five types of shophouses, Traditional, Neoclassical, Dutch Patrician, Art Deco and Modern. There are three principal varieties of shop houses during 1930’s to 1940’s which are Utilitarian design is made by simple wooden shutters and a minimum of decorations. While the Neoclassical design had elaborate the Greek and Roman columns and arnately decorate the Greek and Roman columns and arnately decorated window frames, pediments, paraprets and cornices. However Art Deco is the simplest design which only use simplified lines and geometrical patterns to decorate. You read "China Town" in category "Papers" The Noeclassical style can by recognised by a Grecian pediment (figure 7) , columns (figure 8) and moulded plasters swags decorated the facade. Besides, some of the Neoclassical style include a parapet and the top of the building and ornate window frames. Different from the Neoclassical, Dutch Patrician design as a Dutch-inspired gable was adopted for the front facade of the shop houses. Figure 7: Neoclassical pediment Figure 8: Original style Neoclassical column Art Deco was started during 1930’s. The design only contain geometrical shapes and simplified lines were departure from the 1920’s style. The ground floor and windows are not original. This is because it is from traditional vernacular and Western Neoclassical styles to Early Modernism and International style. Art Deco style had marked the transition from traditional vernacular and Western Neoclassical styles to Early Modernism and International style. 3. 0 Analysis 3. 1 Compare and contrast between Kuala Lumpur’s Chinatown shophouses to the original foreign Neoclassical styles Figure 3. 1. 1: High ceiling found in Petaling Street shophouses(left) and St. George Hall, London(right). One of the special feature in Neoclassical architecture is high ceiling. High ceilings (Figure 3. . 1), tend to help to ventilate the air in the building through convection process, where the hot air rises and cool air sinks, as a result, the house will be cooling. The shophouses these days have a standard height of 8 metres, where space had become more precious besides saving cost. Figure 3. 1. 2: Petaling Street shophouses(left) and Rue De Rivoli, Paris(right) painted in white o r pastel colours. Apart from the high ceiling, Neoclassical buildings are often painted in white or pastel colours (Figure 3. 1. 2). White and pastel colours are bright and attracts people’s attention. Furthermore, these colours are poor conductor of heat, they helps to reflect more of the visible light spectrum, causing the particular building to be as cooling as posible. This may be the reason why the buildings in Neoclassical period painted in this series of colour. Figure 3. 1. 3: Petaling Street shophouses(left) and Arc De Thriump, Paris(right) with parapet on the top. Parapet (Figure 3. 1. 3) is a wall-like structure at the edge of a roof, which served as a fire wall, that prevents the flames from coming up to the exterior of the building, igniting the roofing membrane. In addition, it also modifieds the wind flow over the roof so that the pressure exerted is distributed evenly to prevent it from collapsing. Figure 3. 1. 4: Petaling Street shophouses(left) and Madeleine Church, Paris(right) with pediment. A pediment is a classical architectural element which consist of the triangular section found on top of a building, supported by the columns. It is founded in the classical Greek temples, Renaissance, and Neoclassical architecture. The pediment of Madeleine Church, Paris is filled with relief sculptures while the one found in Petaling Street shophouses are filled with floral sculptures (Figure 3. . 4). Figure 3. 1. 5: Petaling Street shophouses(left) and New York City Hall(right) columns. A column is an upright pillar which supports a beam or a roof, sometimes it might just simple for decoration purposes. There are 3 types of columns which is doric (oldest and simplest of classical orders), ionic (more complex than doric, with a scroll on top) and corinthian (with most ornate). Ionic order is found in the Petaling Street shophouses, while New York City Hall contained the doric order (Figure 3. 1. 5). Figure 3. 1. 6: Petaling Street shophouses(left) and New York City Hall(right) are symmetrical. Symmetry and balance are the most pedominat characteristic of Neoclassical buildings. This feature is recognizable easily as the left and the right portion of the building is the same to maintain the balance of the building so that it does not fall (Figure 3. 1. 6). 3. 2 Compare and contrast between Kuala Lumpur’s Chinatown shophouses to the original foreign Art Deco styles Figure 3. 2. 1: Petaling Street shophouses(left) and Caisse Nationale d’Economie, Monteal (right) with flag pole. Concrete flagpoles are one of the common feature of Art Deco buildings (Figure 3. 2. 1). The flagpoles are stretched from the top of the building with bands or motif sculptured at the base of the poles as if it is attached to the wall of facade. Figure 3. 2. 2: Petaling Street shophouses column(left) and Patel’s Building, Durban’s column(right). On the other hand, Petaling Street shophouses and Patel’s Building (Figure 3. 2. 2) both have geometrical shapes running down the column, which is also a common feature of Art Deco architecture. Nonetheless, Petaling Street’s column has a mixture of both Art Deco and Neoclassical styles as on top of it’s column, since there’s some swirls on it which belonged to Ionic order. Figure 3. 2. 3: Petaling Street shophouses(left) and Caisse Nationale d’Economie, Monteal’s (right) mouldings. Furthermore, plaster moulding is another characteristic of Art Deco architecture. Shanghai plaster is commonly used as it provides the same visual effect as stone and it’s a cheaper building material. This finished plaster was usually left in it’s original colour, sometimes painted in the pastel colour of the era. The fine vertical lines plaster moulding at Petaling Street shophouses and Caisse Nationale d’Economie, Monteal are easily recognizable (Figure 3. 2. 3). Figure 3. 2. : Petaling Street shophouses(left) and Thorp Coffee House(right) stated the year it was built. To the contrary, Art Deco buildings usually state the year that it was built on the top of the building. For example, the particular Shophouse in Petaling Street was built in the year 1910, therefore, the figure 1910 is placed on the top of the building as well as for Thorp Coffee House (Figure 3. 2. 4). Figure 3. 2. 5: Petaling Street shophouses(left) and Louis Hay’s Office(right) with air vents. Lastly, Art Deco buildings have horizontal air vents usually located above the windows (Figure 3. 2. 5). The air vent is placed above the window to cool down the interior of the building as hot air are less dense and rises up, thus, escaping through the air vents. 4. 0 Conclusion Through compare and contrast of the different style of the shop houses, we able find out that the different style of the shop houses was influence by different background. From the 18th century until now we can see that the style of the Chinese shop houses change according to the place the shop houses was built. Beside that, the structure of the shop houses also depends to the need of the owner and the period of time those shop houses was built. How to cite China Town, Papers